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Eric.ed.gov – Gifted Females Can Be Supported in Math and Science: A Proposal for Mentoring in Secondary Schools.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This paper addresses the personological aspects relative to male and female success in two subject areas (math and science) and addresses specific concerns in the area of mentoring. Personality factors operative for success in math and science are reviewed, and teachers are advised to encourage, support, and facilitate those personality traits which appear to augur for success. One particular technique for encouraging females to pursue their interests is mentoring. The need of the mentor to nurture, encourage, and develop certain salient personality traits is emphasized. Reasons why bright individuals (both females and males) do not succeed are listed, such as lack of product orientation and capitalizing on the wrong abilities. Guidelines are presented for mentoring creatively gifted youth. Mentors are urged to guide their female protegees to… Continue Reading

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Eric.ed.gov – How Negative Expectancies and Attitudes Undermine Females’ Math Confidence and Performance: A Review of the Literature.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: Females’ underperformance in mathematics is discussed as a function of negative expectancies by parents, teachers, and peers. These negative expectancies of significant others lead to negative self-expectancies and negative attitudes about mathematics on the part of female students. These negative expectancies and attitudes lead to lower performance, reinforcing parents’ and teachers’ negative expectancies. Thus a cycle of low expectancies leading to low performance leading to even lower expectancies is perpetuated. Some reasons this cycle persists are: (1) girls, more than boys, tend to believe that mathematical ability is something individuals either have or do not have; (2) girls are more math anxious than boys; (3) girls may believe that “girls just cannot do math”; (4) girls’ belief that their ability is so low that no amount of… Continue Reading