eric.ed.gov har udgivet: The “Clipboard Connection” is a methodology to facilitate the rapid circulation of relevant pre-existing materials from Chapter 1 Technical Assistance Centers of relevant materials from Chapter 1 Technical Assistance Centers (TACs) to their clients, teachers of educationally disadvantaged children in resource centers. Each “Clipboard Connection” consists of a lead sheet summarizing the contents of the materials (reprints of journal articles, brochures, etc.) to be distributed, and the materials themselves. This compilation focuses on techniques for effective mathematics instruction. The following reprints are included: (1) “Teaching Mathematics and Thinking,” prepared by Edward A. Silver and Margaret S. Smith (Arithmetic Teacher, volume 37, number 8, April 1990); (2) “Using Writing Activities to Reinforce Mathematics Instruction,” by David M. Davison and Daniel L. Pearce (Arithmetic Teacher, volume 35, number 8,… Continue Reading →
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eric.ed.gov har udgivet: Females’ underperformance in mathematics is discussed as a function of negative expectancies by parents, teachers, and peers. These negative expectancies of significant others lead to negative self-expectancies and negative attitudes about mathematics on the part of female students. These negative expectancies and attitudes lead to lower performance, reinforcing parents’ and teachers’ negative expectancies. Thus a cycle of low expectancies leading to low performance leading to even lower expectancies is perpetuated. Some reasons this cycle persists are: (1) girls, more than boys, tend to believe that mathematical ability is something individuals either have or do not have; (2) girls are more math anxious than boys; (3) girls may believe that “girls just cannot do math”; (4) girls’ belief that their ability is so low that no amount of… Continue Reading →
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eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This report examines issues in the low achievement of American students in mathematics, with emphasis on the low representation of minority students in this field. American myths about mathematics which emphasize the importance of innate ability rather than hard work are seen as reinforcing racial and gender stereotypes about who can do mathematics. Examples of prominent mathematicians and physicists whose lives counter these myths are offered. Comparisons are made showing that American students at all levels lag behind their foreign counterparts in mathematics achievement. Details of these comparisons and how they have influenced reform efforts in mathematics education are considered. Specific barriers to mathematics achievement experienced by minority students are identified and statistics showing minority underrepresentation in this field are detailed. The Strengthening Underrepresented Minority Mathematics Achievement… Continue Reading →
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eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This digest addresses the issue of sex differences in mathematics achievement in K-12 students. The problem is discussed in three sections. The first section examines the progress that has been made in narrowing the gap between girls’ and boys’ achievement in mathematics and the numbers of women and men who enter mathematics-related careers. Issues addressed include the failure of research to find any inherent differences in girls’ and boys’ abilities in mathematics, the underrepresentation of women in mathematics-related fields, strategies to motivate girls to take more mathematics courses, and strategies to encourage girls to consider mathematical and scientific careers. The second section offers innovative approaches in mathematics education funded by the Women’s Educational Equity Act (WEEA) Project. A list of the products mentioned in the article is… Continue Reading →
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eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This document reviews the work of the Maryland Mathematics Commission (MMC). The mission of the MMC was to review and provide recommendations on the following critical issues, all of which have the potential to influence mathematics learning in Maryland: (1) improve achievement in mathematics at every level, in every school and school district; (2) a balanced mathematics curriculum, pre-K-12; (3) qualified teachers in all mathematics classrooms; (4) daily instructional time in mathematics for all students; (5) establish the role of technology; and (6) raise public awareness about the value of mathematics for all students. The core of the report contains background information, current status, vision, and recommendations, including their rationale for the work analyzing the key areas of achievement, curriculum, instruction, teacher quality, technology, and outreach. (KHR)… Continue Reading →
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eric.ed.gov har udgivet: Increased requirements for inclusion have created a growing demand for special educators to have content expertise in areas such as math and science. One recommended practice involves integrating the “big ideas” that are the foundation for understanding mathematics and science across the curriculum. Teachers also need to create a classroom climate that is supportive and content rich. Grouping students into pairs or triads supports student needs. Special educators can collaborate with other teachers by creating a bank of instructional activities on selected math and science topics. Collaborative strategies can be modeled through peer tutoring. Students should be encouraged to explore metacognitive thinking styles so they can apply metacognitive strategies to their daily lives. Skills outlined by standards should be presented in an order that makes sense to… Continue Reading →
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eric.ed.gov har udgivet: American postsecondary education is a diverse collection of public and private institutions, ranging from community and technical colleges to comprehensive and research universities. These institutions are an invaluable resource to states and to the nation — they educate many of the talented people who work in our industries, businesses, and civic sectors, and they are the places where much of the research and development that benefits this country is conducted. While postsecondary education in the United States has already achieved key successes in the innovation economy, the public postsecondary education system overall risks falling behind its counterparts in many other nations around the world — places where there have been massive efforts to link postsecondary education to the specific innovation needs of industries and regions. This paper… Continue Reading →
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eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This book comprehensively describes the Pac-TEC project which organizes educational reform around the problem statement that mathematics, science, technology, and engineering education is not inclusive of all thinking and learning styles, and therefore is not addressing the present and future needs of the expanding, evolving culture base of the United States. The Pac-TEC project has a research component consisting of interviews, classroom trials, literature, research, discussions, textbook analysis, and visits to the learning environments of classroom teachers (N=26). The teachers were chosen from elementary to university level with 15 of those teachers being members of groups that are underrepresented in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology. The questions that guided the research phase pertained to the reasons why some students are uncomfortable with science, mathematics, engineering, and technology;… Continue Reading →
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eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This document is an introduction to a larger manual on the Pac-TEC project. The Pac-TEC project organizes educational reform around the problem statement that mathematics, science, technology, and engineering education is not inclusive of all thinking and learning styles, and therefore is not addressing the present and future needs of the expanding, evolving culture base of the United States. The Pac-TEC project has a research component consisting of interviews, classroom trials, literature, research, discussions, textbook analysis, and visits to the learning environments of classroom teachers (N=26). The teachers were chosen from elementary to university level and 15 of those teachers are members of groups that are underrepresented in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology. The questions that guided the research phase pertained to the reasons why some students… Continue Reading →
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eric.ed.gov har udgivet: InterMath, a five-year effort funded through the National Science Foundation, is a statewide Internet-based project with the goal of designing and implementing a series of workshops and ongoing support programs that feature contemporary applications of technology and mathematics pedagogy in the middle grades. Technology is used to deliver the curriculum through Web-based materials and to explore the mathematics using cognitive tools such as dynamic geometry software, spreadsheets, and graphing calculators. Objectives of InterMath include: strengthening the middle school teacher’s knowledge and understanding of mathematics; providing a support structure (online and in-school) to aid teachers in implementing and integrating technology tools for doing mathematics; and providing a structured in-service curriculum that follows Georgia’s Quality Core Curriculum objectives as well as reform efforts expressed in publications by the National… Continue Reading →
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