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Eric.ed.gov – Women as Mathematicians. A Course to Reduce Math Anxiety and Sex-Role Stereotyping in Elementary Education.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This Teacher Education and Mathematics (TEAM) module is designed to increase awareness of the fact that, historically, women have contributed to mathematical knowledge and mathematics education, that they continue to do so at the present time, and that these women may serve as important role models. It contains an instructor’s text and student materials. The instructor’s text provides (1) specific directions for the instructor to follow in guiding lessons and (2) commentary designed to help in building positive mathematics attitudes. The directions tell how to proceed step-by-step, while the commentary articulates a philosophy and provides explanations, attitudinal interventions, and instructional alternatives. This is accomplished with a special “facing pages” format. The right-hand page provides teaching directives, while the left-hand page, “commentary and notes” (or just “notes” when… Continue Reading

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Eric.ed.gov – The EQUALS Teacher Education Program.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This paper describes the EQUALS teacher education program to assist educators in increasing participation of females in mathematics courses. The goal of the program was to increase educators’ awareness of the issues surrounding the problem of mathematics avoidance among females, and particularly the future consequences for those students who avoided mathematics. Teaching strategies and materials were provided to actively engage students in doing mathematics and understanding the relevance of math to their future career options. The materials were presented in a workshop format to K-12 educators, as well as counselors, curriculum specialists, and principals. The impact of the workshop on participating educators was measured by surveying their satisfaction with program elements, their implementation of program activities, and their continued professional growth. (Author/DS) Link til kilde

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Eric.ed.gov – Dimensions of Math Avoidance among American Indian Elementary School Students. Final Report.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: Using a cross-cultural perspective, researchers studied the “math avoidance syndrome,” which has reached crisis proportions among American Indians, at two elementary schools on Utah’s Northern Ute Reservation and Wisconsin’s Oneida Indian Reservation in 1980. Researchers gathered data by observing math instruction at the schools and by interviewing parents, teachers, tribal officials, and a group of students from third and fourth grade classrooms. They also discussed with tribal elders each tribe’s style of computation and problem solving. Results showed that, contrary to widely held beliefs, neither degree of traditionality nor sex of student served as an accurate predictor of student math attainment or interest in math. Perceived conflicts between school and home regarding function and purpose of education, social organization of math lessons, incompatibility of classroom management styles,… Continue Reading

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Eric.ed.gov – Math + Science + Technology = Vocational Preparation for Girls: A Difficult Equation to Balance.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: Females are underrepresented in courses in mathematics, science, and computer and other high technology applications. Research in the last decade has identified a variety of factors that contribute to females’ lack of participation in math, science, and technology. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: stereotypic images and expectations, lack of self-confidence, peer pressure, learning environment, teacher behavior, lack of female role models, failure to see relevance, attributional style or personal responsibility, and lack of incentives. The following strategies can address these issues: (1) parents’, teachers’, and counselors’ efforts to dispel stereotypes; (2) improvement of self-confidence; (3) use of peer pressure by making success in math and science prestigious; (4) enhancement of the learning environment; (5) equalization of teacher behavior; (6) provision of female… Continue Reading

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Eric.ed.gov – Women, Mathematics, and Careers. A Course to Reduce Math Anxiety and Sex-Role Stereotyping in Elementary Education.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This Teacher Education and Mathematics (TEAM) module focuses on women, mathematics, and careers. Module goals include (among others) increasing students’ awarenesss of the role that mathematics plays in almost all careers and their ability to pinpoint mathematics behaviors used in specific careers. The module consists of an instructor’s text and student materials. The instructor’s text provides (1) specific directions for guiding the lessons and (2) commentary designed to help teachers build positive mathematics attitudes. The format is one of “facing pages” whereby the right-hand page provides step-by-step teaching directives and the left-hand page furnishes commentary that articulates a philosophy, provides explanations, and suggests psychological approaches. The “commentary and notes” page also allots space for the instructor’s use and when no commentary applies, the entire page is alloted… Continue Reading

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Eric.ed.gov – Patterns. A Course to Reduce Math Anxiety and Sex-Role Stereotyping in Elementary Education.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This Teacher Education and Mathematics (TEAM) content module focuses on patterns. It consists of: (1) an instructor’s text; (2) an instructor’s guide and solutions to student exercises; (3) student materials and exercises; and (4) student summary and review. The instructor’s text provides specific directions for guiding lessons and commentary on mathematics content and mathematics attitudes. This is accomplished by a “facing pages” format whereby the right-hand page provides step-by-step teaching directives while the left-hand page provides teaching insights, other options of instruction, and psychological or attitudinal strategies, when appropriate. The instructor’s text also contains content objectives, specified to indicate the scope and structure of the module, and student evaluation materials. The instructor’s guide and solutions to exercises recommends teaching approaches to the materials and provides answers to… Continue Reading

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Eric.ed.gov – Metric Measurement. A Course to Reduce Math Anxiety and Sex-Role Stereotyping in Elementary Education.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This Teacher Education and Mathematics (TEAM) content module focuses on metric measurement. Topics addressed include decimal structure and prefixes, precision in measurement, reference measures, United States customary and metric systems, volume, area, and conversion. The module consists of: (1) an instructor’s text; (2) an instructor’s guide and solutions to student exercises; (3) student materials and exercises; and (4) student summary and review. The instructor’s text provides specific directions for guiding lessons and commentary on mathematics content and mathematics attitudes. This is accomplished by a “facing pages” format whereby the right-hand page provides step-by-step teaching directives while the left-hand page provides teaching insights, other options of instruction, and psychological or attitudinal strategies, when appropriate. The guide and solutions to exercises gives the instructor approaches to the exercises and… Continue Reading

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Eric.ed.gov – A Course to Reduce Math Anxiety and Sex-Role Stereotyping in Elementary Education. Instructor’s Handbook.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: This handbook provides information on the purpose, organization, and use of Teacher Education and Mathematics (TEAM) modules within the context of a teacher education course for elementary education students or as supplementary materials to such a course. The four mathematics and four attitudinal modules are designed to produce four outcomes for learners: (1) increased mathematics knowledge and skills; (2) more confidence (and less math anxiety) in dealing with mathematics; (3) skill in identifying sex-role stereotyping in curriculum materials and teaching behaviors; and (4) perception of mathematics as useful and appropriate for females. Topics addressed in the mathematics modules include patterns, approximation and estimation, choice and chance, and metric measurement. Topics addressed in the four attitudinal modules include sex-role stereotypes, women and mathematics careers, women as mathematicians, and… Continue Reading

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Eric.ed.gov – Ambition, Distraction, Uglification and Derision: The Case for Confluent Education in Math Procedures.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: Many preservice teachers confront their own lack of confidence and actual mathematics phobia for the first time in their math procedures classes. This study was designed to explore the application of a confluent education intervention, a model based on the premise that all learning is accompanied by an affective as well as a cognitive component, to the problem of improving the disposition towards mathematics of 70 student teachers enrolled in a fifth-year multiple subject teaching credential program at the University of California. Using the framework of constructivist theory as a foundation, the paper discusses the effects of prior experience on affective disposition towards mathematics and teachers’ sense of self-efficacy. Data were collected in three stages following “The Mathe Teakst Buk,” an intervention that involves students in a… Continue Reading

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Eric.ed.gov – Patterns, Sequences, and Equations (Math and Language/Fine Arts). Module 2. MATHCO Teacher’s Guide.

eric.ed.gov har udgivet: MATHCO is a motivating series of audiovisual and print materials designed to overcome the negative effects of sex bias and stereotyping on the attitudes, interests, and aspirations of girls toward mathematics and mathematics-related careers. The materials teach mathematics skills, demonstrate relationships between mathematics and other subjects, and provide exposure to mathematics-related careers. They are useful for boys as well as girls at the pre- and early-adolescent stage; they are both multiethnic and nonsexist in text and illustrations. Module 2 focuses on patterns, sequences, and equations in language and fine arts as well as in mathematics. The audiovisual script is included, followed by suggested activities and activity work. (MNS) Link til kilde